Medicare Parts a, B, C, and D Explained Simply

Medicare has four distinct parts, each covering different healthcare services. Understanding what each part does helps you make informed decisions about your coverage. Most people need all four parts for comprehensive protection, though some choose Medicare Advantage (Part C) as an alternative to original Medicare.

Medicare Part A: Hospital Insurance

Part A covers inpatient hospital stays, skilled nursing facility care, hospice care, and some home health services. Most people age 65 or older get Part A automatically at no premium if they or their spouse paid Medicare taxes for 10 years. For 2026, the Part A deductible is $1,736 per benefit period.

Medicare Part B: Medical Insurance

Part B covers doctor visits, outpatient services, lab tests, X-rays, and preventive care. You must enroll during your initial enrollment period or face a permanent penalty. The 2026 Part B premium is $202.90 per month, and the annual deductible is $283. After meeting your deductible, you typically pay 20% of covered services.

Medicare Part C: Medicare Advantage

Part C, also called Medicare Advantage, is an alternative way to receive Parts A and B through a private insurance company. These plans often include prescription drug coverage (Part D) and may offer additional benefits like dental or vision. However, you must live in the plan's service area and use in-network providers.

Medicare Part D: Prescription Drug Coverage

Part D covers prescription medications. You can enroll through a standalone plan if you have original Medicare, or choose a Medicare Advantage plan that includes drug coverage. Enrolling during your initial eligibility window is important to avoid late enrollment penalties.

Choosing Your Coverage

Most beneficiaries choose original Medicare (Parts A and B) plus a Medigap supplemental plan and standalone Part D. Others prefer Medicare Advantage for simplified coverage. Consider your doctors, medications, and health needs when deciding.

Frequently Asked Questions